How to Plant, Grow, and Care For Impatiens in Your Garden

Brightening up shady spots in the garden is what impatiens do best! With their cheerful flowers that come in a rainbow of colors, impatiens can instantly liven up dark corners under trees or on north-facing patios. No flower does shade quite like impatiens, blooming continuously from spring until frost.

They are also famously carefree. All you need to grow these little sunflowers of the shade is a suitably dappled spot, average soil, and a bit of watering. And the rewards are colorful, long-lasting blooms the whole season through!

In this post, I’ll share everything you need to know to select, plant, and care for impatiens so your patch becomes a humming spot for pollinators and the envy of the neighborhood. We’ll cover variety selection, planting tips, staking strategies, watering advice, and troubleshooting common issues. By the end, your green thumb will have new talents for coaxing beauty from the dark with everyone’s favorite shade-loving annual—the impatiens.

All About  Impatiens

Impatiens, commonly known as “Busy Lizzies,” are a crowd-pleaser with their wide variety of colors and the ability to thrive in shady conditions. These versatile plants, belonging to the Balsaminaceae family, are natives of Africa, Eurasia, and North America. They are primarily annuals or perennials and are known for their rapid growth rate and vibrant blooms.

Impatiens are popular for their eye-catching, five-petaled flowers, which come in a plethora of colors including pink, red, white, purple, and even multicolored. These plants have opposing, elliptical leaves that can be green to reddish-purple, adding a pop of color to gardens even when not in bloom.

Cultivating Impatiens is a relatively straightforward process. They prefer moderate to full shade and well-drained, moist soil with a slightly acidic pH. While they are tolerant of a variety of soil types, they don’t appreciate being waterlogged, and overly wet conditions can lead to rot.

Impatiens are susceptible to a few pests and diseases. The most common being Impatiens Downy Mildew, a fungal disease that can lead to leaf drop and plant death. Regular inspection and early intervention are key to managing this disease. Despite these challenges, with the right care and attention, Impatiens can bloom from early summer until the first frost, providing a long-lasting display of vibrant color.

Beyond their aesthetic value, Impatiens have also been used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties. The juice from the stems and leaves can be applied to treat insect bites and stings. However, it’s important to note that while they have medicinal properties, some parts of the plant are also toxic if ingested.

In terms of propagation, Impatiens can be grown from seeds, but it is more common to grow them from cuttings, as this method produces flowering plants more quickly. Regardless of the method, Impatiens are indeed a rewarding addition to any garden with their low maintenance requirements and striking, colorful flowers.

Varieties of Impatiens

There exists a multitude of Impatiens varieties, each showcasing unique characteristics and qualities.

1. Impatiens walleriana: Also known as the common Impatiens, this variety is well-loved for its vibrant blooms that come in a range of colors. Originating from Eastern Africa, it boasts a sweet, subtle scent. Its flowers closely resemble orchids, and its foliage is dark green.
2. Impatiens hawkeri: Known as the New Guinea Impatiens, this variety is native to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Larger than its cousin, I. walleriana, its flowers are attractive and display a range of colors. They are mildly fragrant and the plant can thrive in both shade and sun.
3. Impatiens balsamina: Also referred to as Garden Balsam or Rose Balsam, this annual plant is native to South and Southeast Asia. It is popular for its brightly colored flowers and its scent is more pronounced, often used in perfumes.
4. Impatiens glandulifera: Commonly known as Himalayan Balsam, this variety is native to the Himalayas. It produces an abundance of pink-purple flowers with a sweet scent, attracting pollinators. The plant is similar in structure to the Garden Balsam with its tall stem and elongated leaves.
5. Impatiens capensis: Also known as Jewelweed or Orange Balsam, this North American native variety is unique due to its orange, bell-shaped flowers. The plant has a slightly musky scent, and it is often used as a traditional remedy for skin ailments.
6. Impatiens auricoma: This variety, also known as Yellow Impatiens, is native to Eastern Africa. It produces striking yellow flowers with a brownish-red center, offering a distinct look compared to other varieties. It does not have a noticeable scent.

In terms of similarities, all Impatiens varieties are known for their vivid, eye-catching flowers, and their preference for well-drained soil. They all exhibit a rapid growth rate, bloom profusely, and are generally easy to care for, making them a popular choice among gardeners.

 Impatiens Care Procedures

It is relatively easy to grow and maintain Impatiens, and with the right care procedures, these plants can thrive for months on end. Here are some essential tips to keep in mind when caring for your Impatiens:

Light and Temperature

Impatiens have a preference for indirect, bright light. Direct sunlight can cause the plants to wilt and become sunburned. If you’re growing Impatiens indoors, place them near a north or east-facing window where they will receive plenty of diffused light. Outdoor Impatiens should be planted in a shady location or an area that gets filtered sunlight, especially in the hot afternoons.

As for the temperature, Impatiens thrive in conditions that most people find comfortable. They prefer a consistent temperature range of 60-75 degrees Fahrenheit (15-24 degrees Celsius). These plants are quite sensitive to the cold. Temperatures that dip below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius) can cause them to wilt and die. In colder climates, it’s best to bring your Impatiens indoors for the winter or cover them with frost cloth to protect them from freezing temperatures.

During hot summer months, ensure your Impatiens are well-watered and protected from direct sunlight to prevent heat stress. If the plants start to wilt due to excessive heat, provide them with additional water and if possible, move them to a cooler location.

Remember, regular monitoring of light and temperature conditions can greatly enhance the health of your Impatiens, letting them flourish and bloom beautifully.

Water and Humidity

Impatiens require consistent moisture for optimal growth. They favor well-drained, damp soil, but are not tolerant of waterlogged conditions. Overwatering can lead to root rot, a serious condition that can result in plant death. Thus, it’s critical to establish a balanced watering regimen. The top inch of the soil should be allowed to dry out between waterings, and once this level of dryness is achieved, the plant should be watered deeply. This usually translates to watering your Impatiens once or twice a week, but this can vary depending on climate, growing conditions, and the size of the plant.

During periods of high heat or dry weather, Impatiens may require more frequent watering. Always monitor the soil moisture levels and adjust your watering schedule as necessary. If the leaves of your Impatiens start to wilt or appear droopy, this is often a sign that the plant requires water. However, should the wilting persist even after watering, this could indicate root rot from overwatering.

Humidity is another aspect of Impatiens care to consider. These plants appreciate a humid environment. While they can tolerate average indoor humidity levels, they will benefit from increased humidity. This can be achieved by placing a tray filled with water and pebbles below the pot (ensuring the plant pot is placed on the pebbles, not in the water) to increase ambient humidity. Alternatively, you can mist your Impatiens lightly with water, but avoid overdoing this to prevent leaf disease.

In short, striking the right balance between watering and humidity will ensure your Impatiens stay healthy and vibrant. Regularly check the state of your plants and adjust your care routine as necessary, and your Impatiens will reward you with lush growth and abundant blooms.

Soil, pH, and Soil Preparation for Impatiens

Impatiens are versatile plants that can adapt to varying soil conditions. However, for optimal growth, certain factors should be considered in terms of soil type, pH level and soil preparation.

Soil Type

Impatiens prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A loamy or sandy loam soil provides the ideal medium as it retains sufficient moisture while preventing water-logging, which can lead to root rot. The soil should be rich in organic matter to provide necessary nutrients for the plant’s growth. If you’re using potting soil, select a high-quality mix that is designed for container plants.

Soil pH

Impatiens enjoy slightly acidic soil with a pH level ranging from 6.0 to 6.5. This pH level promotes optimal nutrient uptake and encourages healthy plant growth. It is advisable to conduct a soil test before planting to determine the pH level. If your soil is too alkaline or acidic, you can amend it using lime or sulfur respectively to reach the desired pH level.

Soil Preparation

To prepare the soil for planting, start by removing any weeds or debris from the planting area. If you’re using garden soil, turn it over with a shovel or garden fork to loosen it, improving aeration and drainage. Add a layer of organic compost or well-rotted manure to enrich the soil with nutrients. If the soil is heavy clay or overly sandy, mix in some loam or organic matter to improve its structure and fertility. Once the soil is prepared, dig a hole that is wide and deep enough to accommodate the root ball of your Impatiens plant. Amend the soil in the hole with compost or a slow-release fertilizer to give the plant a nutrient boost as it establishes.

In summary, providing the right soil conditions and proper preparation can greatly enhance the growth and blooming of your Impatiens. Regularly monitor the state of your soil and make adjustments as necessary to ensure your plants thrive.

Fertilizer Regimen for Impatiens

Impatiens are not heavy feeders, but they do appreciate additional nutrients, especially during their active growing season.

Fertilizer Type

A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer such as a 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 (representing equal parts Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium) is ideal for Impatiens. These nutrients are essential for the plant’s overall growth, bloom production, and root development.

Frequency of Fertilization

Fertilize your Impatiens every two weeks during the growing season (typically spring through fall). In the winter months, when the plants are in their dormant stage, you can reduce the frequency or stop fertilizing altogether as the plants aren’t actively growing and do not require as many nutrients.

Fertilizing Procedure

Before applying fertilizer, ensure the soil is moist to prevent the fertilizer from burning the plant’s roots. Mix the water-soluble fertilizer with water as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Water your Impatiens with this mixture, taking care not to splash fertilizer on the plant’s leaves, as this can cause leaf-burn. After application, monitor your plants for any signs of over-fertilization, such as yellowing leaves or slow growth, and adjust your regimen accordingly.

Remember, while fertilizer does provide additional nutrients, it does not substitute the need for good quality soil. Therefore, continue to enrich your soil with compost or other organic matter to maintain its fertility. To summarize, a thoughtful and balanced approach to fertilization, combined with good soil and proper watering practices, will help your Impatiens flourish and produce an abundance of vibrant blooms.

Repotting Impatiens

Over time, your Impatiens may outgrow their current pot, indicating the need for repotting. The process of repotting allows the plant to continue growing healthily and robustly. Follow these step-by-step procedures to repot your Impatiens effectively.

When to Repot

Generally, Impatiens should be repotted every 1-2 years. You can tell when your plant needs repotting if it seems top-heavy, the roots are growing through the drainage holes, or the growth of the plant has slowed or stopped. Another sign is when the plant dries out quickly, requiring more frequent watering.

Choosing the Right Pot

Choose a new pot that is one size larger than the current pot. A pot that is too large can lead to overwatering and root rot since the soil will stay wet for too long. The pot should have sufficient drainage holes to allow excess water to escape.

The Repotting Process

1. Preparation: Water your Impatiens thoroughly a day before repotting. This will make the plant easier to remove from its current pot and reduce the stress of repotting on the plant.
2. Removal: Turn your pot sideways, hold the plant gently by its stems, and tap the bottom of the pot to loosen it. If the plant is deeply rooted in its pot, you may need to use a trowel to gently dig around the inside edge of the pot to loosen the soil and roots.
3. New Pot Preparation: Add a layer of fresh, well-draining potting soil to the new pot. This layer will help position your plant at the right height in the pot.
4. Planting: Place your Impatiens in the new pot. Fill in around the plant with potting soil, pressing it down gently as you go to remove air pockets. Leave a small space at the top of the pot to make watering easier.
5. Aftercare: Water your freshly repotted Impatiens thoroughly. Place the plant in a location with bright, indirect light and avoid exposing it to direct sunlight right after repotting as this can stress the plant.

By following this guide on repotting, your Impatiens will continue to thrive and provide beautiful, vibrant blooms.

Propagation of Impatiens

There are several ways to propagate Impatiens, including division, cuttings, and seeds. Each method has its advantages and will allow you to increase your collection of these lush and vibrant flowering plants.

Propagating by Division

Division is the easiest method for propagating Impatiens. This method involves separating an established plant into two or more sections, each with its own set of roots, and replanting them. This is commonly done during the repotting process.

1. Preparation: Water your Impatiens a day before the division process to reduce stress and make it easier to remove from its pot.
2. Division: Remove the plant from its pot and gently separate it into two or more sections, being careful not to damage the root system.
3. Planting: Plant each new section in fresh, well-draining potting soil in its own pot. After planting, water thoroughly.

Propagating from Cuttings

Impatiens can also be propagated from cuttings. This method involves removing a portion of the plant and allowing it to form its own roots.

1. Cutting Selection: Choose a healthy, strong-looking stem with several leaves. Using a clean, sharp gardening tool, cut about 6 inches from the end of the stem.
2. Preparation: Remove the leaves from the bottom half of the cutting. This is the part that will go into the soil.
3. Rooting: Place the cutting in a glass of water or directly into a pot of moist potting soil. If using water, replace it every couple of days and wait for roots to form. If using soil, keep it lightly moist until new growth appears.
4. Planting: Once the cutting has developed a robust root system, plant it in a pot of fresh, well-draining soil.

Propagating from Seeds

Propagation from seeds allows you to grow a larger number of plants. However, it requires more time than the other methods.

1. Sowing: Sow Impatiens seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before the last frost date. Use a seed starting mix and sow the seeds on the surface as they need light to germinate.
2. Germination: Keep the seed starting mix moist and maintain a temperature around 70-75°F. Seeds should germinate in 10-14 days.
3. Transplanting: Once the seedlings have at least two sets of true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots.

Each of these methods can successfully propagate Impatiens, allowing you to enjoy their vibrant blooms in more areas of your garden or home. As always, ensure they receive the right conditions for growth including light, water, and nutrients.

Pruning Impatiens

Pruning is an essential part of Impatiens care as it encourages bushier growth and more blooms. It also helps to maintain the plant’s overall health by removing dead or diseased parts. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to prune your Impatiens effectively.

When to Prune

Prune your Impatiens in early spring before new growth begins. You can also prune throughout the growing season to encourage branching and new blooms.

Tools Needed

Use a sharp, clean pair of pruning shears or scissors. It’s crucial to clean your tools before and after pruning to prevent the spread of disease.

Pruning Process

1. Identify the Pruning Points: Look for the nodes – the points where leaves, buds, or branching twigs originate from the stem. This is where new growth will sprout after pruning.
2. Clean Cuts: Cut about a quarter-inch above the node at a 45-degree angle. This angle promotes water runoff and prevents disease and rot.
3. Remove Leggy Growth: If your Impatiens are becoming leggy (tall and spindly with sparse foliage), cut back the stems by one-third to one-half. This will encourage the plants to branch out and become bushier.
4. Deadhead Blooms: Regularly remove spent flowers (deadhead) to encourage more blooms. Simply pinch off the faded blooms at their base.
5. Remove Dead or Diseased Parts: If you notice any dead or diseased stems, leaves, or flowers, remove them immediately to prevent spreading.

Post-Pruning Care

After pruning, give your Impatiens a good watering and apply a balanced fertilizer to support new growth. Monitor your plants for any signs of stress and keep them in suitable growing conditions. Remember that after pruning, your Impatiens will need time to recover and start new growth. With these pruning tips, your Impatiens will maintain a compact, bushy habit and produce an abundance of colorful blooms throughout the season.

Troubleshooting Impatiens

Despite their eye-catching colors and generally robust nature, Impatiens can sometimes encounter various challenges. From growing problems to pests and diseases, it is essential to know how to identify and address these issues to keep your Impatiens thriving.

Growing Problems

If your Impatiens are not growing as expected, several factors could be at play.

1. Poor Lighting: Impatiens prefer bright, indirect sunlight. If they’re in an area that’s too dark, they won’t bloom as profusely. Conversely, too much direct sunlight can scorch the leaves and stunt growth.
2. Watering Problems: Impatiens need consistently moist soil but don’t do well in waterlogged conditions. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while underwatering can cause wilting and reduced flowering.
3. Nutrient Deficiency: If your Impatiens’ leaves are yellowing or the plant is growing slowly, it may lack necessary nutrients. Regular application of a balanced fertilizer can help resolve this issue.

Pests

Impatiens can attract a few pests, most commonly aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies.

1. Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects suck sap from the plant, causing curled, yellowed, or stunted leaves. Control them by spraying the plant with soapy water or using an insecticidal soap.
2. Spider Mites: These tiny pests can cause yellow or bronzed leaves. If infestation is severe, you might notice a fine webbing on the plant. Treat with a miticide or by regularly spraying the plant with water to dislodge the mites.
3. Whiteflies: These small, white insects suck sap and excrete a sticky substance called honeydew, which can lead to a fungal disease called sooty mold. Control whiteflies with insecticidal soap or a strong jet of water.

Diseases

Impatiens can be susceptible to several diseases, including fungal, bacterial, and viral infections.

1. Fungal Diseases: Common fungal diseases include powdery mildew (which results in a white, powdery substance on the leaves) and root rot. Maintaining good air circulation, avoiding overhead watering, and applying a fungicide can help manage these diseases.
2. Bacterial Diseases: Bacterial leaf spot, characterized by brown or black spots on the leaves, can be a problem. Remove and discard affected leaves and avoid watering from above to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
3. Viral Diseases: Impatiens can succumb to diseases like Impatiens necrotic spot virus and Tomato spotted wilt virus, transmitted by thrips. Infected plants often show ring spots, line patterns, or mottling on leaves and need to be removed and destroyed to prevent the virus from spreading.

By understanding these common issues and how to address them, you can ensure your Impatiens continue to provide vibrant color and beauty in your landscape or home.

Frequently Asked Questions About Impatiens

1. Question: How much sunlight do Impatiens need?

• • Answer: Impatiens prefer bright, indirect sunlight. Too much direct sunlight can scorch the leaves and stunt growth, while too little light can reduce blooming.
  2. Question: How often should I water my Impatiens?
  • Answer: Keep the soil consistently moist, but avoid waterlogging as overwatering can lead to root rot. Underwatering, on the other hand, can cause wilting and reduced flowering.
  3. Question: How can I treat my Impatiens if they are infected by pests like aphids, spider mites, or whiteflies?
  • Answer: Aphids can be controlled by spraying the plant with soapy water or using an insecticidal soap. Treat spider mites with a miticide or by regularly spraying the plant with water to dislodge the mites. Whiteflies can be controlled with insecticidal soap or a strong jet of water.
  4. Question: How do I deal with diseases on my Impatiens?
  • Answer: Regular monitoring, maintaining good air circulation, avoiding overhead watering, and applying a fungicide can help manage these diseases. For viral diseases, infected plants often need to be removed and destroyed to prevent the virus from spreading.
  5. Question: How do I prune my Impatiens?
  • Answer: Prune your Impatiens in early spring before new growth begins. Also, prune throughout the growing season to encourage branching and new blooms. Use a sharp, clean pair of pruning shears or scissors, and remember to clean your tools before and after pruning to prevent the spread of disease.