Growing Lavender: Lovely Aromatic Flowers

The delicate scent of lavender is unmistakable—as it wafts through the warm summer air, it carries with it a sense of calm and relaxation. For many, the sight of lavender blooming in the garden is a reminder that nature’s simple pleasures can nourish our soul.

As I strolled among the rows of lavender bushes in full bloom, with bees buzzing from flower to flower, I felt a deep sense of joy and clarity of mind. It was in that moment that I became determined to share with you, my readers, how you too can grow this lovely aromatic flower in your own garden.

In the following post, I will cover everything you need to know to successfully cultivate lavender, from site selection and planting to care and harvesting. By summer’s end, I hope your garden will be filled with the beauty and fragrance of blooming lavender, bringing you moments of peaceful escapism just as mine has brought me.

Growing Lavender Overview

Features	Description
Common Name(s)	Lavender, English lavender, French lavender, Spanish lavender
Scientific Name	Lavandula
Family	Lamiaceae
Height	1 to 3 feet
Light	Full sun
Water	Moderate; water when the top inch of soil is dry
Soil	Well-draining, sandy or gravelly soil with a pH between 6.7 and 7.3
Fertilizer	Light feeder; apply balanced organic fertilizer in spring if growth is slow
Pests and Diseases	Aphids, spittlebugs, fungal diseases like root rot and leaf spot

All About Growing Lavender

To begin, it’s important to understand that lavender plants thrive best in dry, well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils in full sun. This Mediterranean native is hardy and can handle the heat, but it won’t tolerate waterlogged soils. To improve the drainage of your soil, consider adding organic matter or compost.

In terms of planting, it’s best to do so in spring. The young plants need time to establish their root system before the hot summer months. Place your lavender plants approximately 2 to 3 feet apart as they do spread out. If you’re planting in a pot, make sure it’s large enough to accommodate growth.

When it comes to caring for lavender, less is often more. This plant requires little water and is quite drought-resistant once established. Overwatering is one of the common mistakes, so ensure the soil is almost dry before watering again. Pruning, on the other hand, is beneficial. Prune the plant in early spring or at harvest time in the fall to maintain its shape and encourage branching, thus leading to more flowers.

Lastly, harvesting lavender is a joy in itself. The best time to harvest is when the buds have formed but the flowers are not fully open. Harvest in the morning when the oils are the most concentrated. Cut the stems long, hang them upside down in a dark, dry place for two weeks to dry, and then remove the flowers from the stems. Now, your lavender is ready to use!

The Varieties of Lavender

English Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)

This is the classic lavender that most people are familiar with. It’s native to the Mediterranean and has a rich history dating back to Roman times when it was used for bathing, cooking, and as a freshening agent. The plant grows to about 2 to 3 feet tall with silvery-green foliage and vibrant purple flowers that emit a sweet, soothing scent. It’s highly similar to other types of lavender, but its aroma is often considered superior.

French Lavender (Lavandula stoechas)

French lavender is native to France and Spain and has been cherished for centuries for its strong, exotic fragrance. It differs from English lavender in its looks, bearing fluffy, bristle-like petals that jut out from the top of the flower spike. This gives the plant an almost pinecone-like appearance. The scent of French lavender is stronger and more camphor-like compared to English varieties.

Spanish Lavender (Lavandula latifolia)

Spanish lavender, as the name suggests, originates from the Iberian Peninsula. It is highly resilient and can thrive in harsher, hotter climates. Its flowers are distinct, with a “rabbit ear” appearance due to the large, showy bracts on top. The scent is more pungent and less sweet than its English and French counterparts, bearing a slight eucalyptus note.

Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia)

Lavandin is a hybrid plant, a cross between English and French lavender. This plant was discovered in the early 20th century and is now widely grown for its oil. Lavandin plants are larger and more robust, with long stems that make them excellent for cut flowers. The scent is a mix of the sweet English lavender and the pungent Spanish and French varieties, producing a balanced, layered aroma.

While all these lavender varieties share similarities in their growth needs, each brings its own unique look and scent to the garden. Whether you want the classic English, the exotic French, the rugged Spanish, or the balanced Lavandin, there’s a lavender for every garden.

Growing Lavender Care Procedures

How to grow lavender is a question that many first-time growers may ask, but with proper care procedures in place, it’s a relatively easy plant to cultivate. The following are some tips for caring for your lavender plants:

Light and Temperature

Lavender plants are heat and sunlight-loving plants, embodying the essence of their native Mediterranean region.

Light:

Lavender needs full sun exposure for optimal growth—aim for at least 6 to 8 hours of sunlight each day. A south-facing location is generally the best spot to plant. The intense sunlight will not only help the lavender grow but also boost the fragrance of the flowers, making the plant even more aromatic. Remember, insufficient light can lead to leggy growth and decreased blooming, so make sure your plants are in the sunniest spot available.

Temperature:

Lavender is hardy and can withstand a wide range of temperatures, from freezing winters to hot summers. The ideal growing temperature for lavender is between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit, but it can tolerate temperatures up to 100 degrees Fahrenheit. During winter, most lavender varieties can survive temperatures as low as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. However, it’s crucial to note that while lavender can handle cold, it won’t tolerate wet, cold winters. So, if you live in an area with high rainfall in winter, ensure adequate drainage to prevent root rot.

One key to successful lavender cultivation is recreating its native Mediterranean conditions as closely as possible—plenty of sun, warm temperatures, and well-drained soil. With careful attention to these parameters, you should have a healthy, flourishing lavender garden.

Water and Humidity

Caring for lavender also involves paying attention to its water and humidity requirements. Here are some guidelines to follow:

Water:

Lavender is a plant that thrives in dry conditions and can easily fall victim to overwatering. Therefore, it’s vital to water sparingly. For younger plants, water only when the top two inches of soil are dry. Typically, once a week may be sufficient, but this depends on your climate and the time of year. In hotter months, you may need to water slightly more often. Once the plant is established (usually after the first year), it becomes quite drought-resistant and watering can be reduced further. Remember, lavender prefers under-watering to overwatering.

Humidity:

As natives of the Mediterranean, lavender plants are accustomed to low-humidity environments. High humidity can cause fungal diseases and hinder the plant’s growth. If you live in an area with high humidity, ensure that the plant is in a spot with good air circulation to prevent moisture accumulation. Using a well-draining soil mix can also help combat the effects of high humidity. This ensures that water doesn’t linger around the roots and cause rot.

Soil and pH Requirements

Lavender plants require well-draining soil that can help prevent root rot and fungus growth. Here’s a closer look at the soil and pH requirements:

Soil Type:

Lavender plants thrive best in sandy or gravelly soils. These soil types usually have excellent drainage, which is beneficial for lavenders as they dislike having ‘wet feet’. If you have heavy clay soil, it may need amendment for successful lavender cultivation. You can do this by adding organic matter or sand to the soil to improve its drainage.

Soil pH:

Lavender prefers alkaline soil with a pH level between 6.7 and 7.3. If your soil is too acidic, you can raise its pH by adding lime. Conversely, if your soil is too alkaline, you can lower the pH by adding sulphur or peat moss.

Preparing the Soil

Preparing the soil for lavender involves several steps:

1. Soil Testing: Firstly, perform a soil test to check the pH and composition of your soil. The test results will guide you on what amendments your soil may need.
2. Amending the Soil: Based on your soil test results, amend the soil as necessary. If your soil is too heavy or clayey, improve its texture by adding coarse sand or compost. If your soil’s pH is too acidic, add lime to make it more alkaline.
3. Planting: Dig a hole that’s wide enough and deep enough for your lavender plant’s roots. The hole’s depth should generally be the same as the height of the root ball, while its width should be twice as wide.
4. Adding Drainage: Improve drainage by adding a layer of small stones or gravel at the bottom of the planting hole. After placing the lavender plant in the hole, backfill with the amended soil.
5. Watering: After planting, water the lavender deeply but make sure not to overwater. The goal is to keep the soil slightly moist but not waterlogged.

By following these steps and providing the right soil and pH conditions, you can create an environment where your lavender plants can thrive.

Fertilizer

Applying the right fertilizer to your lavender plants can help maximize their growth and enhance their floral production. Follow these steps to correctly fertilize your lavender plants:

Understanding Lavender’s Nutritional Needs:

Lavender plants typically thrive in poor soils and don’t require a lot of nutrients. However, a little fertilization can help boost their growth, particularly in soils that are notably deficient.

Choosing the Right Fertilizer:

The best type of fertilizer for lavender is one with high phosphorus content, as this nutrient encourages flower production. A slow-release granular fertilizer labeled for roses or tomatoes is typically a good choice. Look for a fertilizer with a N-P-K ratio where P (the second number) is higher than N and K. For instance, a 5-10-5 or 10-20-10 would work fine.

When to Fertilize Lavender:

The best time to fertilize lavender plants is in the early spring, just as new growth starts to emerge. Giving the plant a nutrient boost at this time can help it establish strong roots and lush foliage, setting the stage for abundant summer blooms.

How to Apply the Fertilizer:

To fertilize your lavender plants, scatter the granules around the base of the plant, keeping them at least a few inches away from the stem to avoid burning the plant. After applying the fertilizer, water the plant thoroughly to help the nutrients soak into the soil.

Frequency of Fertilization:

While lavender plants are low-feeders and do not require frequent fertilization, a single annual application in early spring can help improve plant vigor and blooming. If your soil is particularly deficient, a second feeding in early summer may be beneficial. However, avoid over-fertilization as excessive nutrients, particularly nitrogen, can lead to soft, leggy growth and reduced flowering.

Remember that fertilizing lavender should be conducted in moderation. Over-fertilization can lead to excess foliage growth at the expense of flowers and can make the plants more susceptible to disease. Always follow the fertilizer manufacturer’s recommended rates for application. With these guidelines, you should be able to provide your lavender plants with the nutrients they need to thrive and bloom abundantly.

Repotting Lavender Plants

Repotting is an essential aspect of lavender care that ensures the plant remains healthy and vibrant. Follow these steps to correctly repot your lavender plants:

Understanding When to Repot:

Typically, lavender plants need to be repotted every two years. However, if you notice that your plant has become root-bound or the growth has slowed, it may be time for repotting.

Choosing the Right Pot:

Select a pot that is two sizes larger than the current one. Ensure that the pot has sufficient drainage holes to prevent water-logging. Remember, lavender plants prefer pots that provide ample room for root expansion and good air circulation.

Preparing the Pot:

Before you begin the repotting process, prepare your new pot. Fill it up to one-third with a well-draining soil mix, preferably one designed for Mediterranean plants like lavender. You can also add some sand or gravel for improved drainage.

Removing the Lavender Plant:

Carefully remove the lavender plant from its current pot. Loosen the root ball gently with your fingers, shaking off some of the old soil. Inspect the roots for any signs of disease or pests and prune off any dead or diseased roots.

Placing the Plant in the New Pot:

Place the lavender plant in the center of the new pot. The top of the root ball should be slightly below the rim of the pot. Fill in the remaining space with more of your soil mix, firming it gently around the base of the plant.

Watering After Repotting:

After repotting, water the lavender plant thoroughly but ensure not to overwater. Remember, while lavender plants need some moisture immediately after repotting to help the roots settle in, they still prefer slightly dry conditions.

Post-Repotting Care:

Place the repotted lavender plant in a sunny location, preferably one that receives at least six hours of sunlight each day. Avoid fertilizing the plant immediately after repotting, as the roots need some time to settle in. You can resume your regular lavender feeding schedule after about a week.

By following these repotting steps, you can ensure your lavender plants continue to grow vigorously and produce their delightful, aromatic blooms.

Propagation of Lavender Plants

Propagation is an ideal method to multiply your lavender plants and enjoy their delightful blooms in more areas of your garden. While lavender can be propagated by division as mentioned in the repotting segment, it can also be grown from cuttings or from seeds. Here are the steps to propagate lavender:

Propagation by Cuttings:

1. Taking the Cuttings: The best time to take cuttings from lavender is in early summer when the plant is actively growing. Choose healthy, non-flowering shoots and cut approximately 3-4 inches from the tip. Remove the lower leaves, leaving only a couple of pairs at the top.
2. Rooting the Cuttings: Dip the cut end of the cutting in rooting hormone, then insert it into a pot filled with a mixture of half coarse sand and half peat moss. Water thoroughly, and cover the pot with a plastic bag or place it in a propagating case to maintain high humidity.
3. Care for the Cuttings: Place the pot in a warm, bright place out of direct sunlight. Keep the soil slightly moist but not waterlogged. The cuttings should root in about 6-8 weeks. Once the cuttings have rooted, they can be potted up individually and grown on.

Propagation by Seeds:

1. Sowing the Seeds: Sow lavender seeds in a light seed compost, barely covering them with a thin layer of sand. Water lightly, then cover the pot with clear plastic or place it in a propagator to create a humid environment.
2. Germination: Lavender seeds can be slow to germinate, usually taking 2 to 4 weeks. Keep the pot in a warm, bright place and ensure the compost remains moist but not waterlogged.
3. Transplanting the Seedlings: Once the seedlings are large enough to handle, transplant them into individual pots and grow them on in a sunny spot.

Remember, propagation success can vary, but with patience and care, you can successfully multiply your lavender plants and fill your garden with their heavenly scent and beautiful blooms. Whether you choose to propagate from cuttings or seeds, the process can be rewarding and fun. It’s a perfect way to expand your plant collection and share your favorite lavender varieties with friends and fellow gardeners.

Pruning Lavender Plants

Pruning is an essential part of lavender care that encourages robust growth and a profusion of blooms. Here is a step-by-step guide to correctly prune your lavender plants:

Understanding When to Prune:

Lavender is typically pruned in late summer or early fall, after the main flowering period has ended. This timing gives the plant plenty of time to initiate new growth before winter. However, light pruning can be done anytime of the year as needed for shaping.

Selecting the Right Tools:

Use a pair of sharp pruning shears that will make clean cuts without crushing the stems. This helps prevent disease and promotes faster healing of the pruned areas.

How to Prune:

Start by removing any spent flower stalks. Then, cut back about one-third of the plant’s height, shaping the lavender into a nice mound. Make sure not to cut into the woody part of the stems where there are no leaves, as this can harm the plant.

Cleaning Up:

After pruning, clean up the clippings from around the base of the plant. This helps prevent the build-up of harmful pests and diseases.

Post-Pruning Care:

Once pruned, the lavender plant does not typically require additional watering or feeding. The plant will start developing new growth soon.

By following these pruning steps, you can keep your lavender plants healthy, encourage more blooms, and maintain the desired shape and size. Remember that regular pruning not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of your lavender plant but also extends its lifespan, allowing you to enjoy its aromatic blooms for many seasons.

Troubleshooting

Growing lavender can occasionally present challenges, even for seasoned gardeners. This section aims to help you identify and address some of the most common problems related to growing lavender, including issues with growth, pests, and diseases.

Growing Problems

Lack of Sunlight: Lavender plants require full sun, typically 6 hours or more per day. Lack of sunlight can result in leggy growth and fewer blooms. Make sure your lavender is planted in a location that meets this requirement.

Overwatering: Lavender prefers drier conditions and overwatering can lead to root rot. Ensure your lavender plant has well-draining soil and is not watered excessively.

Poor Soil Quality: Lavender thrives in poor soil conditions, preferring slightly alkaline, sandy, or rocky soil. Overly nutrient-rich soil can cause excessive foliage growth and less flower production.

Pests

Whiteflies: These small, winged insects can cause yellowing of leaves and stunted growth. An infestation can be controlled by using insecticidal soap or introducing natural predators like ladybugs.

Aphids: Aphids, small sap-sucking insects, can cause the leaves to curl and become discolored. They can be treated with insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Diseases

Root Rot: Poorly draining soil and overwatering can lead to root rot. Signs include wilting, yellow leaves, and stunted growth. To treat, ensure the plant has well-draining soil and adjust watering practices.

Gray Mold (Botrytis): This fungus can cause wilting, rotting stems, and fuzzy gray mold on flowers and leaves. It typically occurs in damp, cool conditions. To control, remove affected plant parts and ensure good air circulation around the plant.

By understanding and addressing these common issues, you can ensure your lavender plants continue to thrive, providing their delightful blooms and fragrant foliage for many seasons to come.

Frequently Asked Questions about Growing Lavender

1. Q: How often should I water my lavender plants?

A: Lavender prefers drier conditions. Water the plants when the soil is dry to the touch, but be careful not to overwater as this can lead to root rot.

2. Q: My lavender isn’t blooming, what could be wrong?

A: Several factors can contribute to a lack of blooms, including lack of sunlight, overly nutrient-rich soil, or overwatering. Ensure your lavender is planted in full sun, in poor, well-draining soil conditions and is not watered excessively.

3. Q: How do I treat a lavender plant that has root rot?

A: Root rot is a sign of overwatering and poorly draining soil. Try reducing the frequency of watering and ensuring that the plant is in well-draining soil.

4. Q: When should I prune my lavender plants?

A: Lavender is typically pruned in late summer or early fall, after the main flowering period. Light pruning can be done anytime of the year as needed for shaping.

5. Q: What pests should I look out for when growing lavender?

A: Whiteflies and aphids are common pests that can affect lavender plants. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used to treat an infestation.

Remember that every plant can behave differently based on its variety and the specific conditions in your garden. These FAQs are presented as a general guide and may not cover all potential issues or specificities related to your particular lavender plants.